Gov. Fallin Signs HB 3399 to Repeal and Replace Common Core

OK-SAFE, Inc. – OK Governor Mary Fallin today issued a press release, indicating she had finally signed HB 3399, the bill to repeal and replace the controversial Common Core state standards. 

Hopeful as this is, it must be remembered that Fallin is a professional politician, with strong ties to the NGA and the corporate world, both of which want Common Core adopted.  Those opposed to the Common Core state standards will need to remain vigilant, to make sure that the “replacement” standards are more substantial than just a name change.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
June 5, 2014

Governor Mary Fallin Signs HB 3399 to Repeal and Replace Common Core Standards

New Standards will be developed in Oklahoma and Increase Academic Rigor

OKLAHOMA CITY—Governor Mary Fallin today signed HB 3399, a bill that replaces the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in English and math with academic standards to be designed by the state of Oklahoma.

HB 3399 repeals the adoption of CCSS and directs the State Board of Education to create new, more rigorous standards by August 2016. For the first time in state history, the State Regents for Higher Education, the State Board of Career and Technology Education, and the Oklahoma Department of Commerce will be asked to formally evaluate those standards to determine they are “college and career ready.” While those new standards are being written, the state standards for English and math will revert to the Oklahoma Priority Academic Student Skills (PASS) standards used from 2003 to 2010.

HB 3399 passed with overwhelming bipartisan support in both chambers, 71-18 in the House and 31-10 in the Senate.

Fallin signed the bill, stating:

“We are capable of developing our own Oklahoma academic standards that will be better than Common Core. Now is the time for Oklahomans – parents, citizens, educators, employers and elected officials – to unite behind the common goal of improving our schools. That begins with doing the hard work of building new, more rigorous Oklahoma standards.

“All Oklahomans want our children to get a quality education and to live the American Dream. To ensure our children have that opportunity, Oklahoma – and every state—must raise the bar for education standards so that our children can compete worldwide.

“Common Core was created with that well-intentioned goal in mind. It was intended to develop a set of high standards in classrooms across the nation that would ensure children graduated from high school prepared for college and a career in an increasingly competitive workforce. It was originally designed as a state-lead – not federal – initiative that each state could choose to voluntarily adopt.

“Unfortunately, federal overreach has tainted Common Core. President Obama and Washington bureaucrats have usurped Common Core in an attempt to influence state education standards. The results are predictable. What should have been a bipartisan policy is now widely regarded as the president’s plan to establish federal control of curricula, testing and teaching strategies.

“We cannot ignore the widespread concern of citizens, parents, educators and legislators who have expressed fear that adopting Common Core gives up local control of Oklahoma’s public schools. The words ‘Common Core’ in Oklahoma are now so divisive that they have become a distraction that interferes with our mission of providing the best education possible for our children. If we are going to improve our standards in the classroom, now is the time to get to work.

“For that reason I am signing HB 3399 to repeal and replace Common Core with Oklahoma designed and implemented education standards. I am committed, now more than ever, to ensuring these standards are rigorous. They must raise the bar – beyond what Common Core offers – on what we expect of our students. Above all, they must be developed with the goal of teaching children to think critically and creatively and to complete high school with the knowledge they need to succeed in college and in the workforce. I also ‘get it’ that Oklahoma standards must be exceptional, so when businesses and military families move to Oklahoma they can rest assured knowing their children will get a great education.

“The process of developing new, higher standards will not take place overnight, nor will it be easy. It will require hard work and collaboration between parents, educators, employers and lawmakers. Developing these standards is worth the effort; because our children’s education is that important to our state. Their futures, as well as Oklahoma’s future prosperity, depend on our ability to write and implement education standards that will prepare our children for success. I know Oklahoma is up to that challenge.

“My thanks go out to the educators and schools that have already worked hard to raise expectations and standards for our children. I know they will continue to build on those efforts as we move forward together as a state.”

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Day of Activism – Against Common Core! Monday, March 17th at the Capitol

OK-SAFE, Inc. – From our friends at ROPE and across the state comes the call for a Day of Activism – Against Common Core at the OK state Capitol, on Monday, March 17, 2014.   The event runs from 11 am to 3 pm, with free T-shirts going to the first 300 people.

Common Core State Standards (which should really be called Bill Gates’ Common Core National Standards) are the Obama Care of education reform.  Opposition to these national standards is mounting across the country (see here, here, here, and here).  Oklahoma’s opposition, and high level research on the facts of the issue, has been led by ROPE, along with courageous moms, key educators, and some better-informed legislators.

Our good friends at the Tulsa912 Project say they will be heading to the Capitol Monday with “like-minded groups, parents and concerned citizens.  If you would like to carpool and caravan with others from the Tulsa area, we will meet at the Reasor’s in Jenks (446 S. Elm, Jenks, OK).  Departure will be promptly at 9 am.  If you have questions contact Peggy at plburgess.dbo@gmail.com”.

 

Town Hall in Bartlesville on Common Core – January 28th

Attention: Parents, Grandparents, Teachers, Homeschoolers and Concerned Citizens

Town Hall meeting to learn more about Common Core

Tuesday, January 28th, 2014
7-8:30pm

Speakers to Include:
Dr. Everett Piper, President of Oklahoma Wesleyan University
Jenni White, President of Restore Oklahoma Public Education
Linda Murphy, Educator
Kristal Picolet, Parent

For more information on Facebook:
bartiansforacademicfreedom@groups.facebook.com

Visit online:
http://www.bartiansforacademicfreedom.com

Or email:
email@bartiansforacademicfreedom.com

Sponsored by: Bartians For Academic Freedom, The Capital Meeting, and Restore Oklahoma Public Education

Posted by Sandra Crosnoe for OK-SAFE INC
Original post here >>>

The Perfect Plan to Destroy America – Donna Garner on Common Core

OK-SAFE, Inc. – One of the most serious issues facing “education” in the states today is the adoption of the Common Core State Standards (CCS for short; or simply put, computer-based federal curriculum).

Please read the article below by Donna Garner of Texas, (follow the link to read Garner’s entire post), then make plans to attend the upcoming Understanding Common Core Public Forum on Saturday, August 10, 2013 in Tulsa, hosted by Tulsa9.12 Project and KFAQ.  (See our prior post for details on this event).

“The Perfect Plan To Destroy America – Nationalize Education”

by Donna Garner

8.7.13

If a person wanted to destroy our American culture, keep this generation from communicating effectively with older generations, and make sure today’s children grow up detesting America instead of valuing our nation’s American exceptionalism, the best plan would be to implement the Common Core Standards (CCS) into every school in America.

OBAMA’S PLAN

That is exactly what Obama and his administration are trying to do, and 45 states (plus D. C.) originally committed to the CCS (before the standards had even been released publicly).  However, because of a groundswell of negative responses from the grassroots, a large number of states are now rethinking their commitment to the CCS.

TEACHERS REQUIRED TO DO…

As directed by the CCS, teachers have to make sure that by the time students graduate in 2014, 70% percent of books studied must be nonfiction (i.e., informational text); and those nonfiction selections must be taught in a “close reading” process.  That means students must not be given any background information or historical significance of a nonfiction piece before reading it.  For instance, the Declaration of Independence must be presented devoid of what was occurring in the United States at the time this monumental document was written, leaving students with a shallow understanding of the courage and revolutionary spirit that moved the signers to voice their opposition to tyranny.

Just as importantly, how many English teachers could possibly cover the great classic pieces of fiction literature in only 30% of classroom time?  None.  For instance, it takes at least four to six weeks in English I to cover Great Expectations, which is one of the most outstanding, applicable, and character-building books for early-high school teens to read.

Garner continues….

ARE THE COMMON CORE STANDARDS GOOD STANDARDS?

Even more basic, do the Common Core Standards teach children to read well at all?  No, the CCS do not.

In K-3, explicit and systematic instruction of decoding skills (phonics) is lacking; and goals for the independent mastery of these skills are not set nor expected.  In fact, not one of the CCS objectives on phonics and word analysis skills requires students to apply their decoding skills by reading independently and accurately unfamiliar words in and out of context. 

For the entire post “The Perfect Plan to Destroy America” post by Donna Garner, click here.

Common Core Exemplifies What’s Wrong with the Republic

Opposition to Common Core continues to grow.  The article below is from Richard Fry, a colleague in Kansas:

Common Core Exemplifies the Problems with the Republic. And is part of the U.N.’s Sustainable Development

The Root Evil

The vast majority of conservative grass roots citizens will agree that the problems the Republic is facing comes from the fact that our “public servants” are no longer following the Constitution or the will of the majority  of citizens within the bounds of the Constitution.

Our public servants are no longer responsive to us nor represent our desires. Instead they serve the interest of special interest groups including the biggest special interest groups, the political parties themselves.

A few years ago I defined this as Representative Disconnect.

They tell us they are representing “our best interests” i.e., they know what is best for us, which bespeaks of a paternalistic government not a representative government.

Business and a Totalitarian Government

The Progressive Globalist wish to co-opt and nationalize business. The Conservative Globalist (GOP) are willing to be controlled  by business in a neo-fascism arrangement sometimes referred to as “crony capitalism”.  The bottom line is that  both desire a system of top down rule rather than bottom up governance. Either system will result in a totalitarian system in which the people are not treated as the sovereigns but another cog in production, a mere resource to be managed and manipulated.

Under this system we have no real right to privacy as our lives need to be managed for the well being of the collective. What we eat, where we live, how we live all needs to be managed to optimized the benefit to the collective. All our activities need to be monitored for compliance. Common Core (CC)  takes this monitoring to a whole new level.[i]

How Common Core Fits Into the Puzzle

Common Core (CC)  is at the very heart of this top down totalitarian system.

Bill Gates buying a new Educational System

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation paid hundreds of millions of dollars to have the common core developed and to promote it. BMGF paid two non-governmental entities (NGOs) , The National Association of Governors (NAG) and  the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO),  to retain an private organization (Achieve, Inc.)  to develop the standards. Rather than the public -private  partnership often touted by the fascist this was purely a private-private partnership. [ii]

Globalization of Education

Although these educational standards are promoted as “state common core standards” there is nothing about them which is from or related to the states except for the fact it is the states these “national” standards  are being foisted upon. In fact these represent a move toward globalization of education. [iii]

Citizen Liberty Pimped Again by State Government

Although the promoters of CC  say that states have voluntarily  signed up for the CC program the reality is they have been coerced and bribed by the federal government which  is of course in bed with this private-private enterprise.  Also in most states the CC has not been foisted upon the people  by their representative legislatures but sneaked in on the people through the state School Boards.   [iv]An example of imposing laws and policies through administrative / executive  action rather representative legislative action. Another hallmark of totalitarianism.

This is how it was done in Kansas. “It is easier to get forgiveness than permission”  is their ploy.

We are Free to Not Make a Choice

This  illusion of voluntariness  was even how it was done at the local level. I attended a seminar where a Kansas Department of Education attorney spoke how the adoption of the CC at the local district level was totally voluntary. Five minutes later she said the state would test based on the CC. When I later asked her if testing to the CC was in essence a “left-handed mandate requiring the local districts to adopt CC” she responded “Yes”.

The United Nations and Global Education

As noted there is a very strong international / global aspect to the CC. Some consider the NGA to be a conduit for the United Nations (U.N.)  into American education. [v] Bill Gates has been called the U.N.’s “sugar daddy” regarding the U.N.’s more recent efforts to affect U.S. and world education systems. [vi]This certainly is not be the first time the UN has tried to meddle in the U.S. education system. [vii]

Bill Gates has stated that  he has spent  $5 billion since 2000 to recreate the education system worldwide. [viii] Gates’ Microsoft  entered in to a written agreement with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on 11/17/2004 to help it promote its global educational effort. [ix]Microsoft is a partner with and sits on the Board of Directors of The Global Partnership for Education. [x]

The African Common Core System

The U.N.’s education program is being promoted in Africa by the Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA). ADEA was set up under a differnt name in 1988 by the World Bank (part of the U.N.)[xi]

If you look at the phraseology used by ADEA for core curriculum for  Africa you will find it mirrors that used here in the states.[xii] First is the title of the document,  Common Core Skills for Lifelong Learning and Sustainable Development in Africa .  Certainly there is no pretense about what the primary objective is of this educational curriculum i.e., promoting the U.N.’s  political theory of Sustainable Development.[xiii]

It states:

           ” Building on the theme and outcomes of the ADEA Biennale held in Maputo the 2012 Triennale aims to assist towards educational   transformation by focusing on the core challenge of how to    promote critical knowledge, skills and competencies for sustainable development in Africa in the framework of life long learning.”

(Emphasis added.)

          “This common core needs to be the foundation for all people, young         and old, enabling them to contribute to the promotion of sustainable   development: in terms of preservation of the environment, the    careful use of natural resources, the construction of inclusive      societies and the fostering of peace and solidarity.

          ” The effort made to shift paradigm in education, the need for which had been reiterated in the Maputo Biennale, continues to be          imperative in the area of basic education as the initial        structured           form of acquiring skills and competencies for children,     youth and adults. The acquisition of common core skills by all can   never succeed without corresponding shifts towards adopting           a holistic, integrated and inclusive approach to basic         education, the   move towards a diversified but equitable    basic education system and thus the full recognition of     alternative pathways for education and training; and Sub-Theme 1:       Common core skills for lifelong learning and sustainable           development in Africa 8/12 the emphasis of reform on learning processes and outcomes that are relevant in learners‟  lives and         in the context of sustainable development.”

Conclusion

The reality is that the transformation of the U.S. educational system via the U.N.’s educational theory,  Common Core, in support of its political theory Sustainable Development , is yet one more method being used by the Globalist  to undermine the fundamental principles of this Republic.

 It is treason to the principles of the Republic and destructive of the Liberty of its citizens.

Our elected officials have a duty under their oath to the Constitution and our state officers under the principle of Allegiance and Protection to education the citizenry as to what is going on and to rally them to defeat these attacks on our American way of life. However, once again they are failing in their duty.

Our  main focus must be to build awareness  of the source of our Liberty ,the scope of our servants duty and a healthy respect for what will happen to those who do not respect our Liberty or uphold their oath.

For the sake of liberty,

Richard D. Fry

November Patriots

General Counsel

Patriot Coalition

 [i] Tiffany Gabbay,  Indoctrination and Data Mining in Common Core: Here’s Why America’s Schools May Be in More Trouble Than You Think, The Blaze (03/27/2013) http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2013/03/27/indoctrination-and-data-mining-in-common-core-heres-why-americas-schools-may-be-in-more-trouble-than-you-think/

Indoctrination Here! Common Core Standards: The UN Has Penetrated America’s Public School System (Supporting Videos!) (03/28/2013) http://vineoflife.net/2013/03/28/indoctrination-here-common-core-standards-the-un-has-penetrated-americas-public-school-system-supporting-videos/

[ii] Dave Hodges Rotten to the (Common) Core, The Daily Sheeple, (1/20/2013) http://www.thedailysheeple.com/rotten-to-the-common-core_012013Anne Hendershott, The Ambitions of Bill and Melinda Gates: Controlling Population and Public Education, Crisis Magizine (03/25/2013) http://www.crisismagazine.com/2013/the-ambitions-of-bill-and-melinda-gates-controlling-population-and-public-education

[iii]Phyllis Schlafly, Bill Gates Teams Up With UNESCO, Eagle Forum (11/30/2005) http://www.eagleforum.org/column/2005/nov05/05-11-30.html

[iv]Common Core vs. Heritage Academy’s Standards, National center for Constitutional studies

[v]Dave Hodges Rotten to the (Common) Core, The Daily Sheeple, (1/20/2013) http://www.thedailysheeple.com/rotten-to-the-common-core_012013

[vi]Phyllis Schlafly, Bill Gates Teams Up With UNESCO, Eagle Forum (11/30/2005) http://www.eagleforum.org/column/2005/nov05/05-11-30.html

[vii]Phyllis Schlafly, Bill Gates Teams Up With UNESCO, Eagle Forum (11/30/2005) http://www.eagleforum.org/column/2005/nov05/05-11-30.html

[viii]Top Ten Scariest People in Education Reform: # 5 – Bill Gateshttp://whatiscommoncore.wordpress.com/

[ix]Phyllis Schlafly, Bill Gates Teams Up With UNESCO, Eagle Forum (11/30/2005) http://www.eagleforum.org/column/2005/nov05/05-11-30.html

[x]The Global Partnership for Education,http://www.globalpartnership.org/who-we-are/partners/private-sector-foundations/ (The Global Partnership for Education started as the Education for All – Fast Track Initiative (EFA FTI) in 2002);

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_for_All_%E2%80%93_Fast_Track_Initiative (“The Education for All Fast-track Initiative (EFA FTI) was created as the first ever global compact on education, to help low-income countries achieve a free, universal basic education.^[citation needed^] It was launched in 2002 as a global partnership between donor and developing country partners to ensure accelerated progress towards the Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education by 2015.”) ;

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennium_Development_Goal

(The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight international developmentgoals that were officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration.)

[xi]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_for_the_Development_of_Education_in_Africa

[xii] Concept Note on the Sub-Theme 1 Common Core Skills for Lifelong Learning and Sustainable Development in Africa

[xiii]Concept Note on the Sub-Theme 1 Common Core Skills for Lifelong Learning and Sustainable Development in Africa

 

Just ask a Mom! Common Core is Not Welcome in Oklahoma

OK-SAFE, Inc. – Note to Oklahoma’s Republican leadership:  Common Core is about as welcome in the state of Oklahoma as Obama Care – the people don’t want either one.

From ROPE’s (Restore OK Public Education) post 6/12/13:

Lies, Damned Lies and Common Core

“…It is in this vein that I present to you a word-for-word, blow-by-blow of State Superintendent Janet Barresi’s visit with the Wagner County GOP June 2013.  This was written by a woman named Karen Cuellar – an Oklahoma home schooling mom.

I refuse to edit or manipulate in any way her original email.  She hit this out of the ballpark – she needs no assistance.  Please, read, pass on and become involved TODAY!

“I went to the Wagoner County GOP monthly meeting on Thursday night to see what Barresi could possibly say to defend or sell Common Core to the public. Luckily, this was a group of very informed, anti-common core voters who had done their research. She spent a good 30 minutes on “fake fluff” – really avoiding the details of Common Core and speaking in generalities on how great it was. I could tell the audience wasn’t falling for the usual politician talk.

We were asked to write questions down and submit them to be answered to keep the crowd under control since this is a very controversial topic.

The first question chosen was mine, and it was this: “Our two Republican Senators and Speaker Shannon have publicly come out against Common Core. The RNC and the Oklahoma state GOP both have added very specific language against Common Core to the party platforms. How do you reconcile that – running as a Republican, on a Republican ticket, when your stand is in direct opposition to our party platform?”

I think it caught her by surprise. She seemed uncomfortable, fumbling for an answer, and replied that the party platforms had language about “government intrusion” but not specifically Common Core.  I held up a copy of both platforms and called her out on it. The RNC has 2 full pages that specifically name and deal with all of the aspects of Common Core, and our state platform has one paragraph, but also specifically names Common Core. I had copies of both.

She seemed irritated by that, and then continued down a path that had absolutely nothing to do with the party platform or the direct question I asked. I could tell the crowd noticed it, and was just as upset as I was that she didn’t answer the question.

There were several other questions pertaining to the reading parts of Common Core, specifically removing the Classical literature and replacing it with technical manuals. She said numerous times that the reading was optional, and only “suggested” reading material. She also said over and over that teachers have the choice to pick what they want their students to read…”

Read the rest of this account by one well-informed mom here.

 

 

Help Stop Common Core in Oklahoma – Calls Needed!

OK-SAFE, Inc. – By now everyone knows how dangerous the Common Core State Standards are for our children and state education.  (See here, here, here, here, and here.)

Everyone, that is, except OK Governor Mary Fallin, State Superintendent Janet Barresi, and Senator John Ford.

It appears that OK Speaker T.W. Shannon has come out against the Common Core state standards and is willing to run legislation (hopefully this session) to repeal one of the components of this egregious education system.  (HB 1719 may end up being the legislative vehicle for the repeal of the Common Core standards bill, but that has not been confirmed as of this writing.)

Please call your Senator and Representative and tell them you want Common Core repealed in Oklahoma.  Especially, call and email Pro-Tem Brian Bingman and Sen. John Ford and tell them to say YES to the repeal of the Common Core in Oklahoma.

• Senate Pro-Tem Brian Bingman   405-521-5528   Email: bingman@oksenate.gov
• Sen. John Ford                                 405-521-5634  Email: fordj@oksenate.gov

See this important message from ROPE (Restore Oklahoma Public Education), dated 5/16/13:

WE NEED YOUR HELP IMMEDIATELY!

A bill to separate Oklahoma from the Common Core could be coming to a vote in the Senate early next week! Remember the legislature is attempting to be out of session by next Wednesday or Thursday, so now is crunch time! Call and/or email your Senator IMMEDIATELY and ask them to pass ANY bill that comes to the senate that STOPS the Common Core. As you know, our previous bills to stop the Common Core have been prevented from being allowed even a hearing in either the House or Senate Education Committees by Representative Ann Coody and Senator John Ford.

House Speaker T.W. Shannon has now come out against the Common Core setting the tone for the House! Shannon announced Thursday that with just two weeks left in the legislative session he is unveiling a measure to repeal a 2010 law that requires common core to be implemented by Oklahoma school districts.

Please thank him via phone call 405-557-7374,   Email: tw.shannon@okhouse.gov or post to his Facebook page (http://www.facebook.com/twshannon?ref=ts&fref=ts).

A bill to STOP the Common Core MUST FINALLY GET A HEARING in the Senate.

Please contact the following senators INCLUDING your own! Email, call, do whatever you can to let your voice be heard telling them, “COMMON CORE IS NOT OK!”

A J Griffin                                 405-521-5628  Email: griffin@oksenate.gov

Senator Mike Schulz              405-521-5612  Email: schulz@oksenate.gov

Senator Earl Garrison           405-521-5533   Email: whitep@oksenate.gov

Senator Kim David                405-521-5590   Email: david@oksenate.gov

Senator Greg Treat               405-521-5632   Email: Treat@oksenate.gov

Jenni White

President

Restore Oklahoma Public Education

www.RestoreOkPublicEducation.com

 __________________________________________________________

OK-SAFE Background Information – Linking Education Reform and Health Care Reform

There are no accidents in politics.  While the state of Oklahoma was implementing “ObamaCare” compliant health care reform, (Electronic Health Records, OHIET, etc.), education reform was running on a parallel track, instituted via SB 222 in 2009 (P-20 Data Council) and SB 2033 in 2010 (K-12 Common Core). These bills had the support of Republican leadership.

Think these data systems are to be kept separate?  Look at this diagram describing what the Statewide “Identify as a Service” federated identity management system (federated = single-sign on accesses several systems) would look like.  It clearly links the Department of Education system and the Department of Human Services systems.  (Diagram is from a ppt entitled “Federated ID Management & SICAM in Oklahoma HHS Agencies”, dated July 2011, accessed through OHCA records.)  More information in that power point included linking together other state agencies/systems into one interconnected system.  These agencies have information sharing agreements with agencies and entities outside the state.  Feel better now?

The Common Core “standards” concept came out of the same tech-cesspool as the ObamaCare “standards”.  In both sectors the “standards” have nothing to do with actual education or health care.  They have everything to do with the “standards” that enable these technology systems (i.e. “standardized” computer hardware and software systems technology) to be interoperable.  They are to be interconnected one with another. The standardized, interconnected technology systems are what enable an electronic “cradle-to-grave” (longitudinal) record on every single person.

For an idea of what this means for the people of this state, of this country, see the OK-SAFE image below from our pending power point presentation entitled The Architecture Defines the Policy.

OK-SAFE image

Bills Stopped by “Conservative” Republican Leadership in 2013 — Flyer Format to Share!

View this document on Scribd

Sample from flyer:  SB 219 – Providing that the Oklahoma Health Information Exchange Trust (the OHIET) will cease to be effective

The OHIET is busy implementing the IT infrastructure in OK that makes “Obama Care” work.  It is the other “exchange”.

Senate Action:  This bill failed in the Health and Human Services Committees by a vote of 4-4.  Although this committee has a Republican majority, two Republicans (Griffin, Coates) joined two progressive Democrats in voting against this anti-“Obama Care” bill, preventing it’s advancement.

***

This flyer passed out at the

Tulsa County GOP Convention on March 23, 2013.